Could medications and biologic factors affect post orthodontic tooth movement changes? A systematic review of animal studies

Abstract

Background: Immediately after the removal of orthodontic appliances the teeth might start to drift away from their corrected position in an attempt to reach a new equilibrium. Medications and biologic factors could potentially modulate these processes.

Objective: To systematically investigate and appraise the quality of the evidence regarding the effect of various medications and biologic factors on the rate of relapse following active tooth movement.

Search methods: Search without restrictions in eight databases and hand searching until June 2019. Selection criteria: Studies performed on animal models investigating the effects of medication and biologic factors on the rate of relapse following orthodontic tooth movement.

Data collection and analysis: Following study retrieval and selection, relevant data was extracted and the risk of bias was assessed.

Results: Seventeen studies were finally identified, mostly at either high or unclear risk of bias. Ketorolac did not show any significant effects on relapse, while the administration of tetracycline, atorvastatin, psoralen and raloxifene decreased it. Overall, the same result was observed with bisphosphonates with the exception of low dosage of risedronate, which did not have an effect. Osteoprotegerin and strontium resulted in reduced relapse, but not in the immediate post-administration period. Inconsistent or conflicting effects were noted after the use of simvastatin and relaxin. The quality of the available evidence was considered at best as low.

Conclusions: Specific medications and biologic factors may have an effect on the rate of relapse following tooth movement. The orthodontist should be knowledgeable about the substances potentially affecting retention.