College of Medicine (CoM)
https://repository.mbru.ac.ae/handle/1/1
Research and Scholarly work of College of Medicine2024-03-28T15:59:06ZDeciphering the Role of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 in Endometrial Cancer in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Protocol for a Methodological Approach Using Cell Culture Experiments
https://repository.mbru.ac.ae/handle/1/1446
Deciphering the Role of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 in Endometrial Cancer in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Protocol for a Methodological Approach Using Cell Culture Experiments
Atiomo, William; Alqutami, Fatma; Albasha, Sara; Hachim, Mahmood
Background:
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecological cancer in women globally. It is linked to increasing obesity rates and longer life spans. The molecular mechanisms leading to EC are unclear; however, women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have a 3- to 5-fold increased EC risk. According to a pilot study conducted in the United Kingdom, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) gene and protein were raised in the endometrium and blood of women with EC and PCOS, compared with those without PCOS (controls). Therefore, raised serum IGF-1 levels may contribute to an increased EC risk in women with PCOS, but it is necessary to test this hypothesis since not all studies have demonstrated this association.
Objective: This study aims to investigate the role of IGF-1 in mediating EC risk in PCOS. This will be achieved by evaluating the proliferative effects of PCOS serum, IGF-1, and IGF-1 antagonist on human endometrial cancer 1-A and 1-B cell lines, with a comparison to controls (using serum from women without PCOS and cell culture media). The study will also identify differentially expressed genes and pathways activated by various treatments.
Methods:
We intend to recruit 20 women with PCOS and 20 women without PCOS for this cross-sectional study. All experiments will be carried out 4 times to ensure consistency. We will perform transcriptomic and phosphoproteomic profiling to identify differentially expressed genes and phosphoproteins between different treatments using RNA sequencing and phosphoproteomics. We will also perform bioinformatics pathway analysis to identify whether any unique collection of genes or phosphoproteins explains increased EC risk in PCOS. The primary outcome measure will be the cell proliferation (growth) difference measured by cell index values. Our protocol stands out due to its unique approach; no previous study has used this approach to investigate the oncogenic effect of serum from women with PCOS. Additionally, no previous study has considered the differential mutations of genes related to the insulin signaling pathway across various types of human EC cell lines and the potential impact of these variations on their experimental findings.
Results:
Participants are currently being recruited. It is expected that preliminary findings suitable for analysis and publication will be available by the summer of 2024.
Conclusions:
Although we currently do not have any results to report, sharing our protocol at this stage will aid in research collaboration, provide an opportunity for early feedback, and help reduce duplication of effort by other research groups. The findings of our study will have broader implications. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying the regulation of the IGF system in PCOS and EC will improve our ability to develop effective treatment modalities for EC and will be a vital step toward reducing EC in women globally.
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZGender-specific Reference Range for Serum Leptin in Omani Population
https://repository.mbru.ac.ae/handle/1/1445
Gender-specific Reference Range for Serum Leptin in Omani Population
Bayoumi, Riad A.
Objectives:
Leptin is a hormone that contributes to glucose homeostasis and food intake regulation via its action on the hypothalamus. Leptin level increases with obesity and overfeeding and decreases with energy deficiency. Serum leptin levels vary between different ethnic groups with no reports of its reference range in the Arabic population. We sought to determine gender-specific reference ranges for serum leptin in a cohort of the Arabic population and identify the cut-off value for different metabolic derangements.
Methods:
The study data were obtained from the records of 1198 subjects included in the Oman Family Study. The percentile method was used in the estimation reference range and the receiver operating characteristic to identify cut-off points for multiple metabolic derangements.
Results:
The reference range of serum leptin was 0.5–90.6 ng/mL, and it was not correlated with the age of the subjects. Higher leptin was observed in females compared to males (p < 0.001), and the reference range for serum leptin in females was 4.9–96.3 ng/mL compared to 0.25–48.8 ng/mL in males. The optimum cut-off value for leptin ranged between 24.1–28.9 ng/mL for metabolic syndrome, obesity, central obesity, and type 2 diabetes.
Conclusions:
We identified gender-specific reference ranges for serum leptin in a large cohort of Arabs. The optimum cut-off value for serum leptin to determine metabolic derangement with the highest sensitivity and specificity was 24.1–28.9 ng/ mL. Future studies are needed to study the relative risk of higher serum leptin using prospective studies.
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZLong-Term Recurrent Intramedullary Arachnoid Cyst: Case Report and Literature Review
https://repository.mbru.ac.ae/handle/1/1444
Long-Term Recurrent Intramedullary Arachnoid Cyst: Case Report and Literature Review
Figueiredo, Nicandro
Objectives:
This article reports the management of a case of a 32-year-old male who presented with progressive weakness in the lower limbs and spastic paraparesis secondary to an intramedullary arachnoid cyst (IMAC). For literature review, the authors used the phrase “intramedullary arachnoid cyst” in PubMed search engine. 23 articles describing cases with IMAC were included in this review, with a total of 26 patients.
Materials and Methods:
We report a case with long term recurrant intramedullary arachnoid cyst and present a review on spinal intramedullary arachnoid cyst.
Result:
IMAC is showing bimodal incidence and trending to occur below 10 years and after 30 years. However, rarely, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of intramedullary cystic lesions. Authors suggest doing laminoplasty or fusion for the pediatric patients to prevent kyphoscoliosis deformity in the long run, but doing early surgery to gain better outcome. Resection of the cyst wall should be done as much as possible; if it could not be achieved, then marsupialization or cysto-subarachnoid shunt should be considered. Aspiration alone or fenestration is not enough to eradicate the cyst. Long-term and prospective studies are recommended to achieve the best treatment options.
Conclusion:
Review supports early surgical treatment of symptomatic IMACs with resection of the cyst wall as much as possible.
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZPerinatal Risk Factors in Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Dubai: A Case-Control Study
https://repository.mbru.ac.ae/handle/1/1443
Perinatal Risk Factors in Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Dubai: A Case-Control Study
Lakshmanan, Jeyaseelan; Albanna, Ammar
Introduction:
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by deficits in socialemotional reciprocity and associated behavioral symptoms. The goal of this study was to examine perinatal risk factors for ASD and their correlates in a tertiary care hospital in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE).
Methods:
We conducted a case-control study of 87 children diagnosed with ASD using the DSM-5 criteria, who were born between 1999 and 2014, and diagnosed between 2014 and 2016, and 134 ageand gender-matched control subjects. Data were collected from hospital medical records. Associations between ASD and maternal, birth, and neonatal risk factors were examined using logistic regression analysis.
Results:
Maternal fever was associated with ASD (p = 0.018), with 0% in the control group and 5% in the cases. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a trend for an association between high birthweight (>4,000 g) and ASD (95% CI: 0.76–59.93, p = 0.086).
Conclusion:
The data affirmed the established gender difference of approximately four males to one female and supported previous findings associating ASD with prematurity. Larger representative studies are further required to explore risk factors for ASD in the UAE.
2023-01-01T00:00:00Z